| 1. | The RVE has the same elastic constants and fiber volume fraction as the composite.
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| 2. | The three-dimensional elastic constants of materials can be measured using the composite materials.
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| 3. | The elastic constants often change with depth, due to the changing properties of the material.
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| 4. | The key result here is a negative elastic constant created from resonant frequencies of the material.
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| 5. | It turns out that these are the material's mass density and its elastic constant.
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| 6. | For a sphere of radius R and elastic constants E, \ nu this Hertzian solution reads:
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| 7. | Rayleigh waves have a speed slightly less than shear waves by a factor dependent on the elastic constants of the material.
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| 8. | Then apply a nonlinear inversion algorithm to find the elastic constants from the measured natural frequencies ( the inverse problem ).
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| 9. | This happens for instance if the bodies are mirror-symmetric with respect to the contact plane and have the same elastic constants.
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| 10. | In this case one may need to use the full tensor-expression of the elastic constants, rather than a single scalar value.
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